cholera epidemic definition

Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Epidemic cholera Definition from Encyclopedia Dictionaries & Glossaries. In 1720 there was a deadly pandemic of bubonic plague. epidemic cholera." 2. Cholera diagnosis is based on a standardised clinical case definition. vector noun Case classification: EPIDEMIC CHOLERA (noun) The noun EPIDEMIC CHOLERA has 1 sense:. The meaning of CHOLERA is any of several diseases of humans and domestic animals usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms; especially : an acute diarrheal disease caused by an enterotoxin produced by a comma-shaped gram-negative bacillus (Vibrio cholerae synonym V. comma) when it is present in large numbers in the proximal part of the human small intestine. The methods included: literature reviews of global cholera guidance, cholera and other outbreak management in complex humanitarian emergencies and fragile states, and documents relating to the . Cholera, a severe diarrheal disease, was a common, fear-inducing, and often fatal occurrence in the United States in the nineteenth century. 2. Today, HIV and drug-resistant tuberculosis are considered epidemics. The recorded history of cholera is relatively short and remarkable. Cholera is primarily spread by feces-contaminated water and food; or as some say, it is a deadly water borne disease usually resulting from poor hygiene and untreated water. "The Scrap Book, Volume 1, No. Related to cholera: dysentery, tuberculosis, typhoid Cholera Definition Cholera is an acute infectious disease characterized by watery diarrhea that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, first identified by Robert Koch in 1883 during a cholera outbreak in Egypt. Cholera Definition Cholera is an acute infectious disease characterized by watery diarrhea that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, first identified by Robert Koch in 1883 during a cholera outbreak in Egypt. Laboratory criteria for diagnosis: Isolation of toxigenic (i.e. It is caused by eating food or drinking water contaminated with a . The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can sometimes be severe. The name of the disease comes from a Greek word meaning "flow of bile." An estimated 1.3 to 4 million people around the world get cholera each year and 21,000 to 143,000 people die from it. A History of Epidemics in Britain by Charles Creighton (1894) "The Antecedents of epidemic cholera in India. epidemic_cholera has definitions from the field of medicine . The researchers estimated the number of deaths as 100,000 . Both children and adults can be infected and the disease remains a major public health problem. Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the toxigenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139. Transmitted by food or water that has been contaminated with raw sewage, cholera is often fatal and is characterized by severe vomiting, diarrhea, and collapse. Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of the aquatic environment and also is the cause of most prevalent water-related infections in many regions of the world. Cholera is an intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. BEIRUT: Lebanon took delivery on Monday of its first vaccines to combat a worsening cholera outbreak together with sharply worded criticism of the crisis-hit country's crumbling . A deadly cholera outbreak is spreading "rapidly" across Lebanon, exacerbated by a prolonged economic crisis and crumbling infrastructure, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Monday Matched Categories . The person is based on what illness they have, the place refers to the place of exposure, and time refers to the time after exposure and the disease's incubation . It reached Western Europe in 1831, and was carried to North America in 1832 aboard immigrant ships, breaking out in . In an epidemic, the source of the contamination is . Matched Categories . toxin noun poisonous substance, usually one produced by a living organism. Rate this definition: cholera, Asiatic cholera, Indian cholera, epidemic cholera noun. 6" by Various. 2. Cholera Prevention Steps If you live in or are visiting an area where cholera is occurring or has occurred, follow the five basic prevention steps. Symptoms Cholera is an extremely virulent disease that can cause severe acute watery diarrhoea. A Treatise on the Practice of Medicine by George Bacon Wood (1855) "epidemic cholera. What is meant by cholera definition? A person can get cholera by drinking water or eating food contaminated with cholera bacteria. An acute infectious disease of the small intestine, caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, muscle cramps, severe dehydration, and depletion of electrolytes. Cholera has often risen to epidemic proportions in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, particularly in India and Bangladesh. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. cholera, an acute infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and characterized by extreme diarrhea with rapid and severe depletion of body fluids and salts. Information and translations of epidemic cholera in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. WHO suggested outbreak case definition Suspected case: In areas where a cholera outbreak has not been declared: any person aged two years and older presenting with acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) and severe dehydration or dying from AWD; Once a cholera outbreak has been declared: any person presenting with or dying from AWD Confirmed case: The rapid onset of symptoms such as diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting resulted in dehydration from fluid loss, lethargy, erratic heartbeat, sunken eyes and dry and shrivelled skin with a characteristic bluish tinge. infect verb to contaminate with a disease or disease-causing organism. Cholera can be a life-threatening disease caused by bacteria called Vibrio cholerae. Scholars. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines a cholera case as follows Citation 1. The disease spread through the city and quickly up the St. How did cholera start? Cholera Cholera definition and MSF treatment Project Update 1 January 2001 Related Cholera In 1817, a new and terrible disease moved out of Bengal and began to spread across the world. The bacteria lives in warm and salty water and therefore frequents the environment of coastal regions and estuaries. In an epidemic, the source of the contamination is usually the faeces of an infected person that contaminates water or food. The name of the disease comes from a Greek word meaning "flow of bile." [2] Vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Noun 1. epidemic cholera - an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food Asiatic cholera, cholera, Indian cholera infectious disease - a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. 1.1.1 Definition. Also called: Asiatic cholera Pathology an acute, infectious disease, endemic in India and China and occasionally epidemic elsewhere, characterized by profuse diarrhea, vomiting, cramps, etc. Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. The STANDS4 Network . "The Scrap Book, Volume 1, No. In the United States, cholera occurs in persons who travel to foreign countries where outbreaks of cholera are occurring and who drink contaminated water and food there, or those who eat raw or undercooked seafood, including seafood from the Gulf of Mexico. Cholera strikes fear in many areas as it rapidly spreads and results in death within hours if appropriate therapy is not provided. . Most people with cholera have few or no symptoms, but some. An illness characterized by diarrhea and/or vomiting; severity is variable. A review of NCSS data shows that during the first 2 years of the cholera epidemic in Haiti, the cumulative attack rate was 6.1%, with cases reported in all 10 departments. We aimed to describe the key epidemiological features of this epidemic, including the drivers of cholera transmission during the outbreak. The bacteria typically live in waters that are somewhat salty and warm, such as estuaries and waters along coastal. Epidemic cholera continues in Peru. Left untreated, cholera can be fatal within hours, even in previously healthy people. Approximately one in 10 (5 to 10 percent) infected persons . 1. an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food Familiarity information: EPIDEMIC CHOLERA used as a noun is very rare. an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food. Improvements in sanitation and water supply have since eliminated cholera epidemics in the industrialized world, but the impact of the disease in the U.S. during its most formative years should not be . Methods The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea . Colwell's work "suggests" to Thomas how Victorian cholera epidemics spread along . With modern sanitation, cholera is no longer as common as it once was, but epidemics still occur whenever people . Cholera is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Also called Asiatic cholera. In the past two centuries, seven pandemics (global epidemics) of cholera have carried . an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food. We could end up being on the hook for a fucking *cholera . Cholera Epidemic Associated with Consumption of Unsafe Drinking Water and Street-Vended WaterEastern Freetown, Sierra Leone, 2012 . Case Definition(s) Cholera (Vibrio cholerae O1/O139) | 1996 Case Definition; Cholera . Wikipedia Dictionaries. We applied a consistent operational outbreak definition across all regions in our analysis, which assumes that cholera outbreaks are defined by time periods where cholera incidence equals or exceeds the baseline incidence (also called the "outbreak threshold") in a given region (Figure S2). Syn.Spasmodic Cholera . Cholera has remained a major public health problem and is endemic in many countries from South Asia and the Bay of Bengal to various parts of Africa.It spreads usually through contaminated food and water, often after civil unrest or . epidemic meaning: 1. the appearance of a particular disease in a large number of people at the same time: 2. a. epidemic_cholera has definitions from the field of medicine . 20 examples: We also have a responsibility for them, as they have been the victims of an Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development. Login . cholera in American English (klr) noun 1. Colwell's re-definition of cholera offers Thomas a model for answering the question at the heart of Cholera: whether or not during an epidemic, endemic cholera became pathogenic because of an environmental trigger or because an external strain was introduced. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and an indicator of inequity and lack of social development. Cholera is an acute, highly transmissible, intestinal infection caused by toxigenic bacteria Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. There is an epidemic of typhoid and there have been many cases of cholera. Case Definition(3) Clinical description: An illness characterized by diarrhea and/or vomiting; severity is variable. People typically acquire cholera from contaminated water. One or more of the people infected in the initial wave infected a group of people who become the second wave of infection. 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc. WikiMatrix Alternatively, the Red Death may refer to cholera; Poe would have witnessed an epidemic of cholera in Baltimore, Maryland in 1831. Because of these variations broad intercountry comparisons (including disease burden calculations and care quality assessments base on case-fatality rates) are difficult to make, and even reported . To determine the proportion of reported cholera patients who actually have cholera and to evaluate the clinical case definition used in surveillance, we cultured rectal swabs from patients presenting with acute diarrhea in March 1992 in Trujillo, Peru. The 2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak was an epidemic of cholera affecting much of Zimbabwe from August 2008 until June 2009. Learn more. Cholera is a bacterial disease usually spread through contaminated water. The antecedents and circumstances that made the year 1817 so critical for cholera in India, ." 3. In Asia, cholera occurs seasonally before and after the monsoon rains , and the incidence of disease peaks in children younger than five years, and may occur in neonates (32;33). Examples of cholera epidemic in a sentence, how to use it. Cholera is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. Astoundingly, when the epidemic struck New York City it prompted as many as 100,000 people, nearly half the city's population, to flee to the countryside. The STANDS4 Network . A case definition is a set of criteria for deciding whether someone is a patient of the outbreak. Treatment Cholera patients should be evaluated and treated quickly. Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. So here transmission is person-to-person, rather than from a common source. Propagated epidemic curves usually have a series of successively larger peaks, which are one incubation period apart. Asiatic cholera, endemic to India, escaped the sub-continent in 1817. 1: [ noun ] (medicine) an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food cholera toxinproducing) - Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from stool or vomitus, or Serologic evidence of recent infection. Short Url. The cholera epidemics that struck Philadelphia in 1832, 1849, and 1866 provided a catalyst for transforming the health and hygiene standards of the city. This can happen when cholera bacteria spread from a person into drinking water or water used to grow food or prepare food. [ ( kol-uh-ruh) ] An acute disease, and an infectious disease, caused by a kind of bacterium that affects the intestines. epidemic noun outbreak of an infectious disease able to spread rapidly. VIDEO: What caused a waterborne outbreak in Tennessee? The cholera epidemic of 1832 killed thousands of people in Europe and North America and created mass panic across two continents. Login . The disease particularly affects communities with poor water and sanitation infrastructure leading to outbreaks, which if not managed properly, have deadly consequences. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by the infection of the intestine with the bacterium Vibrio cholera. Dictionary entry overview: What does epidemic cholera mean? This can also happen when stool (poop) in sewage gets into the water supply. The arrival of the disease prompted widespread anti-immigrant . An estimated 3-5 million cases and over 100,000 deaths occur each year around the world. English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia. Modern sewage and water treatment have virtually eliminated cholera in industrialized countries. Since 1991, cholera surveillance in Peru has been based mainly on clinical recognition. Global Task Force on Cholera Control. The CHOLERA EPIDEMIC OF 1832 began in May when an immigrant ship landed at Quebec with cases of Asiatic cholera aboard. Cholera occurs in both endemic and epidemic patterns. Veterinary Science "Majesty" by Louis Couperus. Cholera is caused by infection with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, which may be transmitted via infected fecal matter, food, or water. Cholera epidemic in England. VIDEO: Courier service impacts public health in Utah; VIDEO: New . Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration. It started in Marseille and was later called "The Great Plague of Marseille.". Information and translations of epidemic cholera in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The meaning of CHOLERA is any of several diseases of humans and domestic animals usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms; especially : an acute diarrheal disease caused by an enterotoxin produced by a comma-shaped gram-negative bacillus (Vibrio cholerae synonym V. comma) when it is present in large numbers in the proximal part of the human small intestine. 1.1.2 Frequency and distribution the seat of the did not meet the case definition or did not consent to be capital Freetown and the most densely populated region in interviewed. In war-torn Yemen, reports of confirmed cholera started in late September, 2016. Within 2 days of case enrollment, interviewers Sierra Leone . Cholera infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can sometimes be severe and life-threatening. It. Causing profuse and violent cramps, vomiting and diarrhea, with dehydration so rapid and severe the blood thickens and the skin becomes deathlike and blue, cholera victims can die in a matter of hours. It caused profuse diarrhoea and vomiting, and its sufferers died of profound dehydration, sometimes within a matter of hours. Acute watery diarrhoea is an illness characterized by three or more loose or watery (non-bloody) stools within a 24-hour period. 1. Within 3 months after . [3] The classic symptom is large amounts of watery diarrhea that lasts a few days. A person can get cholera by drinking water or eating food contaminated with cholera bacteria. 5" by Various. Cholera epidemics occur in a longer cycle superimposed on . The disease continues to plague Yemen today in what has become the largest documented cholera epidemic of modern times. [3] [4] [3] Symptoms may range from none, to mild, to severe. Smallpox, cholera, yellow fever, typhoid, measles, and polio are some of the worst epidemics in American history. A person can get cholera from unsafe food or water. World Health Organization. Laboratory Criteria For Diagnosis Isolation of toxigenic (i.e., cholera toxin-producing) Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139 from stool or vomitus, OR Serologic evidence of recent infection Case Classification Confirmed A clinically compatible illness that is laboratory confirmed Although the ancient Greek physicians Hippocrates (5th-4th century bce) and Galen (2nd-3rd century ce) referred to an illness that may well have been cholera, and there are numerous hints that a cholera-like malady has been well known in the fertile delta plains of the Ganges River since antiquity, most of what is known . Cholera Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Rate this definition: cholera, Asiatic cholera, Indian cholera, epidemic cholera noun. Yellow fever epidemic in Gulf States, and cholera in Europe. Typically, a case definition has criteria based on the person, place, and time. A cholera alert (suspected cholera outbreak) is defined by the detection of at least one of the following: two or more people aged 2 years or older with acute watery diarrhoea and severe dehydration, or dying from acute watery diarrhoea, from the same area, within 1 week of one another. Access Cholera (Vibrio cholerae O1/O139) case definitions; uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. In its severe form, cholera is characterized by a sudden onset of acute voluminous watery diarrhoea that can rapidly lead to dehydration and death if left untreated. A good deal of variation was noted in the definitions used for reporting cholera cases, hospitalized cholera cases, and cholera-attributable deaths. Cholera: An infectious disease characterized by intense vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea and that rapidly leads to dehydration and often death. epidemic cholera: 1 n an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food Synonyms: Asiatic cholera , Indian cholera , cholera Type of: infectious disease a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact 1: [ noun ] (medicine) an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food (singular: bacterium) single-celled organisms found in every ecosystem on Earth. Cholera. Epidemic Cholera = Asiatic Cholera = Vibrio cholerae Cholera is an acute, infectious disease characterized by extreme diarrhea, vomiting, and cramps. Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if untreated. Once established, this definition remains constant over the affected territory for the entire duration of the outbreak. Cholera is endemic in many areas of Asia and Africa.

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